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Key Demographic Features of Serbia and Montenegro* Geography Location: Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Albania and Bosnia and Herzegovina Map references: Europe People Population: total population: 10,614,558 (July 1996 est.) \i Montenegro: 635,442 (July 1996 est.) \i Serbia: 9,979,116 (July 1996 est.) Age structure: \i Montenegro - 0-14 years: 22% (male 71,075; female 67,402) \i Montenegro - 15-64 years: 67% (male 215,889; female 213,290) \i Montenegro - 65 years and over: 11% (male 27,868; female 39.918) (July 1996 est.) \i Serbia - 0-14 years: 21% (male 1,104,274; female 1,026,994) \i Serbia - 15-64 years: 66% (male 3,332,809; female 3,293,788) \i Serbia - 65 years and over: 13% (male 515,001; female 706,250) (July 1996 est.) Population growth rate: \i Montenegro: 0.39% (1996 est.) \i Serbia: 0.39% (1996 est.) Infant mortality rate: \i Montenegro: 27.5 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.) \i Serbia: 22.9 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.) Life expectancy at birth: \i Montenegro - total population: 74.88 years \i Montenegro - male: 70.86 years \i Montenegro - female: 79.11 years (1996 est.) \i Serbia - total population: 71.98 years \i Serbia - male: 68.97 years \i Serbia - female: 75.22 years (1996 est.) Ethnic divisions: Serbs 63%, Albanians 14%, Montenegrins 6%, Hungarians 4%, other 13% Religions: Orthodox 65%, Muslim 19%, Roman Catholic 4%, Protestant 1%, other 11% Languages: Serbo-Croatian 95%, Albanian 5% Literacy: NA Government Country Abbreviation: \i Serbia: SR \i Montenegro: MW Type of government: republic Independence: 11 April 1992 (Federal Republic of Yugoslavia formed as self-proclaimed successor to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - SFRY) National holiday: St. Vitus Day, 28 June Constitution: 27 April 1992 Legal system: based on civil law system Suffrage: 16 years of age, if employed; 18 years of age, universal Serbian Socialist Party (SPS, former Communist Party), Slobodan MILOSEVIC; Serbian Radical Party (SRS), Vojislav SESELJ; Serbian Renewal Movement (SPO), Vuk DRASKOVIC, president; Democratic Party (DS), Zoran DJINDJIC; Democratic Party of Serbia (Depos), Vojlslav KOSTUNICA; Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro (DPSCG), Momir BULATOVIC, president; People's Party of Montenegro (NS), Milan PAROSKI; Liberal Alliance of Montenegro, Slavko PEROVIC; Democratic Community of Vojvodina Hungarians (DZVM), Andras AGOSTON; League of Communists-Movement for Yugoslavia (SK-PJ), Dragan ATANASOVSKI; Democratic Alliance of Kosovo (LDK), Dr. Ibrahim RUGOVA, president; Party of Democratic Action (SDA), Sulejman UGLJANIN; Civic Alliance of Serbia (GSS), Vesna PESIC, chairman; Socialist Party of Montenegro (SP), leader NA Other political or pressure groups: NA Diplomatic representation in US: the US and Serbia and Montenegro do not maintain full diplomatic relations; the Embassy of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia continues to function in the US chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Counselor, Charge d'Affaires ad interim Zoran POPOVIC chancery: 2410 California St. NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 462-6566 US diplomatic representation: the US and Serbia and Montenegro do not maintain full diplomatic relations chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Chief of Mission Rudolf V. PERINA embassy: address NA, Belgrade mailing address: Unit 1310, APO AE 09213-1310 telephone: [381] (11) 645655 FAX: [381] (11) 645332 Economy Economic overview: The swift collapse of the Yugoslav federation in 1991 has been followed by highly destructive warfare, the destabilization of republic boundaries, and the breakup of important interrepublic trade flows. Serbia and Montenegro faces major economic problems; output has dropped sharply, particularly in 1993. Like the other former Yugoslav republics, it depended on its sister republics for large amounts of energy supplies and manufactures. Wide differences in climate, mineral resources, and levels of technology among the republics accentuated this interdependence, as did the communist practice of concentrating much industrial output in a small number of giant plants. The breakup of many of the trade links, the sharp drop in output as industrial plants lost suppliers and markets, and the destruction of physical assets in the fighting all have contributed to the economic difficulties of the republics. One singular factor in the economic situation of Serbia and Montenegro is the continuation in office of a communist government that is primarily interested in political and military mastery, not economic reform. Hyperinflation ended with the establishment of a new currency unit in June 1993; prices were relatively stable in 1994. Reliable statistics are hard to come by; the GDP estimate of $2,000 per capita is extremely rough. The economy is recovering extremely slowly following the suspension of UN sanctions in December 1995. GDP: purchasing power parity - $20.6 billion (1995 est.) GDP real growth rate: 4% (1995 est.) GDP per capita: $2,000 (1995 est.) Unemployment rate: more than 40% (1994 est.) Communications Telephones: 700,000 Radio broadcast stations: AM 26, FM 9, shortwave 0 Radios: 2.015 million Television broadcast stations: 18 Televisions: 1 million People's Army (includes Ground Forces with internal and border troops, Naval Forces, and Air and Air Defense Forces), Civil Defense Manpower availability: \i Montenegro - males age 15-49: 173,942 \i Montenegro - males fit for military service: 140,728 \i Montenegro - males reach military age (19) annually: 5,226 \i Serbia - males age 15-49: 2,546,549 \i Serbia - males fit for military service: 2,041,239 (1996 est.) Defense expenditures: 245 billion dinars, 4% to 6% of GDP (1992 est.); note - conversion of defense expenditures into US dollars using the current exchange rate could produce misleading results *Source: World Factbook 1996, U.S. Central
Intelligence Agency
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